kendoit

【出處】http://h1de0ut.com/bl0g/article/2012/03/01/emacs24-ricty-centos6/
 
 

來源： http://blog.yesican.tw/?p=912
幾天突然發現記憶體完全被吃光，連swap也一樣，硬碟也發出存取的聲音，查出原因是rtorrent非常耗記憶體，雖然抓檔速度超快，但是關掉後也沒將記憶體釋放，對整個系統還是有那麼一點影響，所以還是先採取手動釋放記憶體，經過釋放記憶體後，整個系統感覺也較順了。

 
grep [[:blank:]]w[[:blank:]]
才會抓到w
記得要雙括號!!
下面還有一些使用方式
[:alnum:] 字母數字符號
[:alpha:] 字母
[:ascii:] ASCII符號
[:blank:] 空格或是Tab
[:cntrl:] ASCII碼控制符號
[:digit:] 數字
[:graph:] 非控制,非空格符號
[:lower:] 小寫字母
[:print:] 可打印符號
[:punct:] 邊點符號
[:space:] 空白符號,包括垂直Tab
[:upper:] 大寫符號
[:xdigit:] 十六進制數字
^ 在一行的開始
$ 在一行的結尾
. 任意一個單一字元 

最近重新安裝 CentOS 6，在分割磁區時並沒有自己再調整過，後來發現系统分配给root的LVM空間太少.
 


[root@e171 home]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
                       50G   50G   0G  53% /
tmpfs                 7.8G   88K  7.8G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             485M   60M  400M  13% /boot
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home
                      296G  161G  121G  58% /home
總共才50G,决定给它增加容量 (務必做好重要文件備份,以防萬一.)
方法：
先减小VolGroup-lv_home的容量，再把减小的容量增加到VolGroup-lv_root.

寫個註解好了，以免之後又要重新google
 
實例：
在Apple上新增NFS分享的路徑(/Volumes/Raid1/L15_1)，並mount到自己的機器上 (/NFS)

在安裝PHPExcel時，出現一行錯誤訊息
PHP Warning:  preg_match(): Compilation failed: support for \P, \p, and \X has not ........
原來是因為我的CentOS的正規沒有支援unicode (可以先下 pcretest -C，看看是否有出現 'No Unicode properties support')
解決方式如下，此為轉自網路某人的解法：
I talked about how to get the most out of running
regular expressions in PHP. The reason that I needed to dig in deep on
regular expression syntax with PHP is because I needed to write some
regular expressions that deal with Unicode characters.
After much reading, I believed that I knew everything that I needed. I
started writing some regex strings and testing the code.
Unfortunately, every time I ran a test with a string that contained
Unicode characters, the match failed. When I removed the Unicode
characters from the string and tested again, it would work. I was
baffled.
Finding the Problem
I had the regex testing characters (‘\X’, ‘\pL’, etc) inside of a
character class, such as ‘[\X-]‘, since I was creating a regex to test
for domains. I wrote a really simple rule by simply looking for ‘/^\X$/’
and testing the regex with a single Unicode character. Amazingly,
having the ‘\X’ outside of the square brackets changed everything as I
now received the following very concerning warning:
PHP Warning:  preg_match(): Compilation failed: support for \P,
\p, and \X has not been compiled at offset 2 in
wp-content/plugins/dnsyogi/testunicode.php on line 4
Since PHP uses the PCRE engine to run regular expressions, I started
to dig into it. I found out that I could query PCRE directly. I ended
up with something very similar:

1	$ pcregrep ‘/\X*/u’ character.txt

pcregrep: Error in command-line regex at offset 2: support for \P, \p, and \X has not been compiled
It looked like the error was coming from PCRE itself. I searched
around for a while thinking that I could simply install a new package
using yum. I hoped to find something like pcre-utf8, pcre-unicode,
php-pcre-unicode, or something to make it simple and quick to add this
support since I much prefer using package management tools rather than
compiling and installing from source.
Unfortunately, no such package exists. This support is something that
must be an option that PCRE is compiled with, and my CentOS repository
only has packages that don’t include that support. After much digging
around, I found that this isn’t necessarily CentOS’s fault as this
package has carried over from the RHEL (Red Hat Enterprice Linux) side
of things.
A great way of checking to see if this is an issue on your system is by running the following:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

$ pcretest -C PCRE version 6.6 06-Feb-2006 Compiled with UTF-8 support No Unicode properties support Newline character is LF Internal link size = 2 POSIX malloc threshold = 10 Default match limit = 10000000 Default recursion depth limit = 10000000 Match recursion uses stack

This is the output that I received. Notice the “UTF-8 support” and
the “No Unicode properties support” lines. This means that PRCE was
compiled with the “–enable-utf8″ configure option which allows PCRE to
recognize and work with UTF-8 encoded strings. However, it wasn’t
compiled with the “–enable-unicode-properties” configure option which
works in conjunction with the enable-utf8 option to add support for the
‘\p’, ‘\P’, and ‘\X’ character classes.
This seems to have been an oversight when the rpm file was first put together. Fortunately, there is a way to fix it.
Fixing the Problem
Since I’m sure that many of you are like me and would rather not
manually compile and install software outside of the package management
system, the solution is to update the rpm to have the option that it
needs and install it.
I had never done this before. Fortunately, I found a very helpful guide that details this process out very nicely: How to patch and rebuild an RPM package.
I have provided the new rpm file that I have built at the bottom of
this post. If you don’t care about all this jibber-jabber, you can skip
down there and grab the file. However, if you would like to learn how
to address this issue yourself or have a system that my file will not
support, please read on to see how I rebuilt the rpm with the new
option.
Rebuilding the rpm

The first thing I did is set up my ~/.rpmmacros file and src/rpm folder structure as detailed in the Setup section of the guide that I’m following. I’ll simply refer you over there as it doesn’t need repeating here.

I needed to grab the source rpm for the current version of PCRE on
my platform. I’m on CentOS 5.2 with version 6.6 of PCRE. I found the
matching source rpm file (pcre-6.6-2.el5_1.7.src.rpm) here.

I then installed the source rpm in order to gain access to its files:

1	$ rpm -ivh pcre-6.6-2.el5_1.7.src.rpm

This put the necessary files into my ~/src/rpm/SOURCES and ~/src/rpm/SPECS folders.

I opened up the ~/src/rpm/SPECS/pcre.spec file and found the following line:

Wrote: ~/src/rpm/SRPMS/pcre-6.6-2.7.src.rpm
Wrote: ~/src/rpm/RPMS/x86_64/pcre-6.6-2.7.x86_64.rpm
Wrote: ~/src/rpm/RPMS/x86_64/pcre-devel-6.6-2.7.x86_64.rpm
Wrote: ~/src/rpm/RPMS/x86_64/pcre-debuginfo-6.6-2.7.x86_64.rpm

This tells me exactly where I can find my new source rpm and rpm files.

Updated rpm File for CentOS 5.2 64-bit <--這是我所用的方法

If you are running a 64-bit version of CentOS 5.2, the following file
should work for you. If you have a different architecture, Linux
distro, or encounter any errors when trying to install this file, then
you should follow the instructions above to build an rpm that is
suitable for your distribution.

pcre-6.6-2.7.x86_64.rpm – PCRE 6.6 for CentOS 5.2 64-bit

Thanks Robin for providing a 32-bit version: pcre-6.6-2.7.i386.rpm

Installing New rpm

Now that I have my new rpm file, I just need to install it. Since I
already have a pcre package installed, I need to tell the rpm command to
update rather than install. The following command does this for me:

1	# rpm -Uvh ~/src/rpm/RPMS/x86_64/pcre-6.6-2.7.x86_64.rpm

Notice that I need to be root to run this command.

Finally, to verify that everything worked, I ran the pcrecheck program again:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

<pre>$ pcretest -C PCRE version 6.6 06-Feb-2006 Compiled with UTF-8 support Unicode properties support Newline character is LF Internal link size = 2 POSIX malloc threshold = 10 Default match limit = 10000000 Default recursion depth limit = 10000000 Match recursion uses stack

Looks good.

網路安裝CentOS
Linux除了可以以光碟DVD-iso安裝外，也可以使用網路安裝
尤其是那種老舊電腦，只有CD-Rom光碟機，沒有DVD光碟機
就可以使用網路來安裝
首先先到義守大學的檔案伺服器去download網路安裝開機ISO檔燒成光碟
http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/Linux/CentOS/5.5/isos/i386/CentOS-5.5-i386-netinstall.iso
接著將開機光碟放入光碟機中，使用光碟開機
依照提示先設定好IP後，再指定安裝來源
安裝來源選擇HTTP或FTP,接著輸入伺服器名稱和位址
如http來源設定為
ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/Linux/CentOS/5.5/isos/i386/
接著依照提示下一步設定要安裝的套件後即可完成安裝，網路愈快當然安裝的愈快囉~~
另外，若要是電腦老舊到連CD-Rom也沒有怎麼辦！
還可以使用USB隨身碟來安裝Linux，不過電腦得先support USB開機
先利用UNetbootin這支程式來建立USB開機檔
http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/  (只能使用網路安裝，或預先把映像檔放在硬碟中)
建立好後，使用USB隨身碟開機後，再如同上面的步驟使用網路安裝即可

看鳥哥知道了一套分析apache log的工具 - AWStats
 
加入來源國家分析 - 引用來源：【Awstats 安裝國家和城市插件(GeoIP/GeoIPCityLite)】

[轉貼] JQuery 批次上傳 Uploadify 詳解說明

1、查閱資料表中多餘的重複記錄，重複記錄是根據單個欄位（peopleId）來判斷
select * from people
where peopleId in (select   peopleId  from   people  group  by   peopleId  having  count(peopleId) > 1)
2、刪除表中多餘的重複記錄，重複記錄是根據單個欄位（peopleId）來判斷，只留有rowid最小的記錄
delete from people
where peopleId  in (select   peopleId  from people  group  by   peopleId   having  count(peopleId) > 1)
and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from   people  group by peopleId  having count(peopleId )>1)
3、查閱資料表中多餘的重複記錄（多個欄位）
select * from vitae a
where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in   (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq  having count(*) > 1)
4、刪除表中多餘的重複記錄（多個欄位），只留有rowid最小的記錄
delete from vitae a
where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in   (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)>1)
5、查閱資料表中多餘的重複記錄（多個欄位），不包含rowid最小的記錄
select * from vitae a
where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in   (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)>1)
(二)
比方說
在A表中存在一個欄位“name”，
而且不同記錄之間的“name”值有可能會相同，
現在就是需要查詢出在該表中的各記錄之間，“name”值存在重複的項；
Select Name,Count(*) From A Group By Name Having Count(*) > 1
如果還查性別也相同大則如下:
Select Name,sex,Count(*) From A Group By Name,sex Having Count(*) > 1
(三)
方法一
declare @max integer,@id integer
declare cur_rows cursor local for select 主欄位,count(*) from 表名 group by 主欄位 having count(*) >； 1
open cur_rows
fetch cur_rows into @id,@max
while @@fetch_status=0
begin
select @max = @max -1
set rowcount @max
delete from 表名 where 主欄位 = @id
fetch cur_rows into @id,@max
end
close cur_rows
set rowcount 0
　　方法二
　　有兩個意義上的重複記錄，一是完全重複的記錄，也即所有欄位均重複的記錄，二是部分關鍵字段重複的記錄，比如Name欄位重複，而其他欄位不一定重複或都重複可以忽略。
　　1、對於第一種重複，比較容易解決，使用
select distinct * from tableName
　　就可以得到無重複記錄的結果集。
　　如果該表需要刪除重複的記錄（重複記錄保留1條），可以按以下方法刪除
select distinct * into #Tmp from tableName
drop table tableName
select * into tableName from #Tmp
drop table #Tmp
　　發生這種重複的原因是表設計不周產生的，增加唯一索引列即可解決。
　　2、這類重複問題通常要求保留重複記錄中的第一條記錄，操作方法如下
　　假設有重複的欄位為Name,Address，要求得到這兩個欄位唯一的結果集
select identity(int,1,1) as autoID, * into #Tmp from tableName
select min(autoID) as autoID into #Tmp2 from #Tmp group by Name,autoID
select * from #Tmp where autoID in(select autoID from #tmp2)
　　最後一個select即得到了Name，Address不重複的結果集（但多了一個autoID欄位，實際寫時可以寫在select子句中省去此列）
(四)查詢重複
select * from tablename where id in (
select id from tablename
group by id
having count(id) > 1
)

#!/bin/bash
# FTP backup transfer script
# For Use to transfer backup file to FTP Server
#開始定義下面所會使用到的變數
##FTP主機
hostip="192.168.1.252"
##時間參數 年月日
today=`date +%Y%m%d`
##FTP主機 登錄帳號密碼
fusername="fdzone"
fpasswd="123456"
##本地端備份位置
basedir="/home/backup"
##遠端FTP主機的路徑  如果直接複製在 根目錄 無須修改
remodir="."
##定義 備份檔案 檔名
filename="$today"_trade.tgz
filename2="$today"_fin.tgz
filename3="$today"_fax.tgz
filename4="$today"_sub.tgz
##讓服務器重啟
#/etc/rc.d/init.d/smb restart
cd $basedir
#製作當天紀錄
echo "$today" DB1 Backup >> "$basedir"/backup.log
echo "$today" DB1 Backup >> "$basedir"/backup_err.log
##開始將需要每日備份資料夾打包成tgz
#tar -zcvf $filename /home/dbt6/TRADE6 > "$basedir"/backup.log 2> "$basedir"/backup_err.log
#tar -zcvf $filename4 /home/dbt6/SUB > "$basedir"/backup.log 2> "$basedir"/backup_err.log
#tar -zcvf $filename3 /home/dbt6/FAX > "$basedir"/backup.log 2> "$basedir"/backup_err.log
#tar -zcvf $filename2 /home/fin > "$basedir"/backup.log 2> "$basedir"/backup_err.log
####
##
##開始針對需要遠端備份的資料夾 進行上傳
ncftpput -u "$fusername" -p "$fpasswd" "$hostip" "$remodir" "$filename" >> "$basedir"/backup.log 2>> "$basedir"/backup_err.log
ncftpput -u "$fusername" -p "$fpasswd" "$hostip" "$remodir" "$filename2" >> "$basedir"/backup.log 2>> "$basedir"/backup_err.log
ncftpput -u "$fusername" -p "$fpasswd" "$hostip" "$remodir" "$filename3" >>"$basedir"/backup.log 2>> "$basedir"/backup_err.log
ncftpput -u "$fusername" -p "$fpasswd" "$hostip" "$remodir" "$filename4" >> "$basedir"/backup.log 2>> "$basedir"/backup_err.log
##把 每日備份的記錄檔 寄至管理者郵件信箱
mail -s "$today_ Backup List " ken.sd.hsu@gmail.com < /home/backup/backup.log

我的工作機系統是CentOS 5.4，但是他的PHP版本還是很老舊
php -v
PHP 5.1.6 (cli) (built: Jan 13 2010 17:09:42)
Copyright (c) 1997-2006 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.1.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2006 Zend Technologies